All technology is subject to what is known as “planned obsolescence”—a design strategy where devices are intentionally made with a limited lifespan. This approach encourages consumers to replace, rather than repair, their electronic devices. Features like non-removable batteries, sealed components, or soldered memory make repairs difficult or impossible for most users, driving continuous sales of the same product year, over year. 

Electronics, including computers, contain harmful materials such as lead, zinc, nickel, barium, and chromium, along with flame retardants. When e-waste is incinerated, these toxic chemicals are released into the atmosphere, and when disposed of in landfills they can leach into groundwater, posing risks to humans, wildlife and the environment.